Operative Report Robert Randall free essay sample

This is a 27-year-old male with the recurrent left S1 nerve sheath tumor. Patient had undergone a previous left L5-S1 hemilaminotomy for a cyst aspiration and partial tumor removal in February. At that time, he was given the pathologic diagnosis of ganglioneuroma. (Continued) OPERATIVE REPORT Patient Name: Robert Randall Patient Id: 110123 Date of Surgery: 08/09/2014 Page 2 Patient developed recurrent left leg symptoms including pain and weakness. This corresponded with the progressive enlargement of the cysts on ___________________ MRIs. I explained the risk, benefits, and alternatives. All questions were answered and the patient elected to proceed with reexploration. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION: Patient was brought to the operating room and identified by name and bracelet. General endotracheal anesthesia was administered in the supine position. Patient was then flipped into the prone position on a Jackson table with a Wilson frame. Neurophysiologic monitoring was applied to the patient. Previous incision site was then prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion. We will write a custom essay sample on Operative Report Robert Randall or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then 10 mL of 1% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine was injected along the previous incision tract. The skin was sharply incised with a #10 scalpel. Both the mono cautery and a periosteal elevator were then used to dissect the subcutaneous tissue and deep muscle fascia. Spinous process was identified and the subperiosteal dissection was carried down and out the respective lamina. Fluoroscopy was then used to confirm this to be the left L5-S1 level. Self-retaining retractor was then placed into the wound. A high-speed drill was then used to increase the laminectomy defect. This allowed the exposer of virgin dura. This â€Å"normal anatomy† dissection was carried back into the previous surgical site. A large cystic mass was easily identified. What appeared to be ventral to the S2 nerve root, which was confirmed with neurophysiologic monitoring, appear to be obscuring the left S1 nerve root. Repeated stimulation revealed no active S1 nerve fibrous on direct stimulation, but preservation of S1 motor function during dedicated testing. (Continued) OPERATIVE REPORT Patient Name: Robert Randall Patient Id: 110123 Date of Surgery: 08/09/2014 Page 3 This wall was open sharply and drained of fluid. Several specimens were sent for frozen section, which reveal a single cell tumor consistent with nerve sheath tumor. No further specific diagnosis was available from frozen section. Addition specimens were sent for permanent section. As much tumor wall that could be safely resected was removed. The wound was then copiously irrigated with antibiotic-containing solution. Hemostasis was then achieved with the use of bipolar cautery. Somatic sensory and motor signals were again tested and thought to be all remaining at base line functions. The wound was then closed in layers utilizing interrupted 0 Vicryl on the deep muscle fascia. Subcutaneous tissues were closed utilizing inverted interrupted 2-0 Vicryl suture. The skin was then closed with the 3-0 Monocryl suture in a running subcuticular stitch. Dermabond was applied to the skin edges. Patient was then flipped back into the supine position on a ___________ bed. Patient was extubated in the operating room by anesthesia without incident. Prior to leaving the OR patient was awake, alert, and moving all extremities strongly. There were no complaints. Instrument and sponge count correct.

USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) in World War II

USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) in World War II Commissioned in 1916, USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) proved to be a workhorse for the US Navys surface fleet for over thirty years.   Taking part in World War I (1917-1918), the battleship later survived the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and saw extensive service across the Pacific during World War II (1941-1945).   With the end of the war, Pennsylvania provided a final service as a target ship during the 1946 Operation Crossroads atomic testing. A New Design Approach After designing and constructing five classes of dreadnought battleships, the US Navy concluded that future ships should make use of a set of standardized tactical and operational traits. This would allow these vessels to operate together in combat and would simplify logistics. Designated the Standard-type, the next five classes were propelled by  oil-fired boilers rather than coal, saw the removal of amidships turrets, and utilized an â€Å"all or nothing† armor scheme.   Among these alterations, the transition to oil was made with the goal of increasing the vessel’s range as the US Navy believed this would be critical in any future naval war with Japan. The new all or nothing armor arrangement called for critical areas of the vessel, such as magazines and engineering, to be heavily armored while less important spaces were left unprotected. Also, Standard-type battleships were to be capable of a  minimum top speed of 21 knots and have a tactical turn radius of 700 yards.   Construction Incorporating these design characteristics, USS Pennsylvania (BB-28) was laid down at the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company on October 27, 1913. The lead ship of its class, its design came about following the US Navys General Board ordering a new class of battleships in 1913 which mounted twelve 14 guns, twenty-two 5 guns, and an armor scheme similar to the earlier Nevada-class. The Pennsylvania-class main guns were to be mounted in four triple turrets while propulsion was to be provided by steam driven geared turbines turning four propellers. Increasingly concerned about improvements in torpedo technology, the US Navy directed that the new ships utilize a four layer system of armor. This employed multiple layers of thin plate, separated by air or oil, outboard of the main armor belt. The goal of this system was to dissipate the explosive force of a torpedo before it reached the ships primary armor. World War I Launched on March 16, 1915 with Miss Elizabeth Kolb as its sponsor, Pennsylvania was commissioned the follow year on June 16. Joining the US Atlantic Fleet, with Captain Henry B. Wilson in command, the new battleship became the commands flagship that October when Admiral Henry T. Mayo transferred his flag on board. Operating off the East Coast and in the Caribbean for the remainder of the year, Pennsylvania returned to Yorktown, VA in April 1917 just as the United States entered World War I. As the US Navy began deploying forces to Britain, Pennsylvania remained in American waters as it used fuel oil rather than coal like many of the Royal Navys vessels. Since tankers could not be spared to transport fuel abroad, Pennsylvania and the US Navys other oil-fired battleships conducted operations off the East Coast for the duration of the conflict. In December 1918, with the war ended, Pennsylvania escorted President Woodrow Wilson, aboard SS George Washington, to France for the Paris Peace Conference. USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) Overview Nation: United StatesType: BattleshipShipyard: Newport News Shipbuilding Drydock CompanyLaid Down: October 27, 1913Launched: March 16, 1915Commissioned: June 12, 1916Fate: Scuttled February 10, 1948 Specifications (1941) Displacement: 31,400 tonsLength: 608 ft.Beam: 97.1 ft.Draft: 28.9 ft.Propulsion: 4 propellers driven by 1 Ãâ€" Bureau Express and 5 Ãâ€" White-Forster boilersSpeed: 21 knotsRange: 10,688 miles at 15 knotsComplement: 1,358 men Armament Guns 12 Ãâ€" 14 in. (360 mm)/45 cal guns (4 triple turrets)14 Ãâ€" 5 in./51 cal. guns12 Ãâ€" 5 in./25 cal. anti-aircraft guns Aircraft 2 x aircraft Interwar Years The remaining flagship of the US Atlantic Fleet, Pennsylvania operating in home waters in early 1919 and that July met the returning George Washington and escorted it into New York. The next two years saw the battleship conduct routine peacetime training until receiving orders to join the US Pacific Fleet in August 1922. For the next seven years, Pennsylvania operated on the West Coast and participated in training around Hawaii and the Panama Canal. The routine of this period was punctuated in 1925 when the battleship conducted a goodwill tour to New Zealand and Australia. In early 1929, after training exercises off Panama and Cuba, Pennsylvania sailed north and entered the Philadelphia Navy Yard for an extensive modernization program. Remaining at Philadelphia for almost two years, the ships secondary armament was modified and its cage masts replaced by new tripod masts. After conducting refresher training off Cuba in May 1931, ​Pennsylvania returned to the Pacific Fleet. In the Pacific For the next decade, Pennsylvania remained a stalwart of the Pacific Fleet and took part in annual exercises and routine training. Overhauled at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in late 1940, it sailed for Pearl Harbor on January 7, 1941. Later that year, Pennsylvania was one of fourteen ships to receive the new CXAM-1 radar system. In the fall of 1941, the battleship was dry docked at Pearl Harbor. Though scheduled to leave on December 6, Pennsylvanias departure was delayed. As a result, the battleship remained in dry dock when the Japanese attacked the next day. One of the first ships to respond with anti-aircraft fire, Pennsylvania took minor damage during the attack despite repeated Japanese attempts to destroy the dry docks caisson. Positioned forward of the battleship in the drydock, the destroyers USS Cassin and USS Downes were both severely damaged. World War II Begins In the wake of the attack, Pennsylvania departed Pearl Harbor on December 20 and sailed for San Francisco. Arriving, it underwent repairs before joining a squadron led by Vice Admiral William S. Pye which operated off the West Coast to prevent a Japanese strike. Following the victories at Coral Sea and Midway, this force was disbanded and Pennsylvania briefly returned to Hawaiian waters. In October, with the situation in the Pacific stabilized, the battleship received orders to sail for Mare Island Naval Shipyard and a major overhaul. While at Mare Island, Pennsylvanias tripod masts were removed and its anti-aircraft armament enhanced with the installation of ten Bofors 40 mm quad mounts and fifty-one Oerlikon 20 mm single mounts. In addition, the existing 5 guns were replaced with new rapid fire 5 guns in eight twin mounts. Work on Pennsylvania was completed in February 1943 and following refresher training, the ship departed for service in the Aleutian Campaign in late April. In the Aleutians Reaching Cold Bay, AK on April 30, Pennsylvania joined Allied forces for the liberation of Attu. Bombarding enemy shore positions on May 11-12, the battleship supported Allied forces as they went ashore. Later on May 12, Pennsylvania evaded a torpedo attack and its escorting destroyers succeeded in sinking the perpetrator, the submarine I-31, the next day. Aiding in operations around the island for the remainder of the month, Pennsylvania then retired to Adak. Sailing in August, the battleship served as Rear Admiral Francis Rockwells flagship during the campaign against Kiska. With the successful re-capture of the island, the battleship became flagship of Rear Admiral Richmond K. Turner, Commander Fifth Amphibious Force, that fall. Sailing in November, Turner re-captured Makin Atoll later that month. Island Hopping On January 31, 1944, Pennsylvania took part in the bombardment prior to the invasion of Kwajalein. Remaining on station, the battleship continued to provide fire support once the landings began the next day. In February, Pennsylvania fulfilled a similar role during the invasion of Eniwetok. After conducting training exercises and a voyage to Australia, the battleship joined Allied forces for the Marianas Campaign in June. On June 14, Pennsylvanias guns pounded enemy positions on Saipan in preparation for landings the next day. Remaining in the area, the vessel struck targets on Tinian and Guam as well as provided direct fire support to troops ashore on Saipan. The following month, Pennsylvania aided in the liberation of Guam. With the end of operations in the Marianas, it joined the Palau Bombardment and Fire Support Group for the invasion of Peleliu in September. Remaining off the beach, Pennsylvanias main battery pummeled Japanese positions and greatly aided Allied forces ashore. Surigao Strait Following repairs in the Admiralty Islands in early October, Pennsylvania sailed as part of Rear Admiral Jesse B. Oldendorfs Bombardment and Fire Support Group which in turn was part of Vice Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaids Central Philippine Attack Force. Moving against Leyte, Pennsylvania reached its fire support station on October 18 and began covering General Douglas MacArthurs troops as they went ashore two days later. With the Battle of Leyte Gulf underway, Oldendorfs battleships moved south on October 24 and blocked the mouth of the Surigao Strait. Attacked by Japanese forces that night, his vessels sank the battleships Yamashiro and Fuso. In the course of the fighting, Pennsylvanias guns remained quiet as its older fire control radar could not distinguish the enemy vessels in the confined waters of the strait. Retiring to the Admiralty Islands in November, Pennsylvania returned to action in January 1945 as part of Oldendorfs Lingayen Bombardment and Fire Support Group. Philippines Driving off air attacks on January 4-5, 1945, Oldendorfs ships began striking targets around the mouth of Lingayen Gulf, Luzon the next day. Entering the gulf on the afternoon of January 6, Pennsylvania commenced reducing Japanese defenses in the area. As in the past, it continued to offer direct fire support once Allied troops began landing on January 9. Commencing a patrol of the South China Sea a day later, Pennsylvania returned after a week and remained in the gulf until February. Withdrawn on February 22, it steamed for San Francisco and an overhaul. While at the Hunters Point Shipyard, Pennsylvanias main guns received new barrels, the anti-aircraft defenses were enhanced, and new fire control radar was installed. Departing on July 12, the ship sailed for newly captured Okinawa with stops at Pearl Harbor and to bombard Wake Island. Okinawa Reaching Okinawa in early August, Pennsylvania anchored in Buckner Bay near USS Tennessee (BB-43). On August 12, a Japanese torpedo plane penetrated the Allied defenses and stuck the battleship in the stern. The torpedo strike opened a thirty-foot hole in Pennsylvania and badly damaged its propellers. Towed to Guam, the battleship was dry docked and received temporary repairs. Leaving in October, it transited the Pacific en route to Puget Sound. While at sea, the Number 3 propeller shaft broke necessitating divers to cut it and the propeller away. As a result, Pennsylvania limped into Puget Sound on October 24 with only one operable propeller. Final Days As World War II had ended, the US Navy did not intend to retain Pennsylvania. As a result, the battleship received only those repairs necessary for transit to the Marshall Islands. Taken to Bikini Atoll, the battleship was used as a target vessel during the Operation Crossroads atomic tests in July 1946. Surviving both blasts, Pennsylvania was towed to Kwajalein Lagoon where it was decommissioned on August 29. The ship remained in the lagoon until early 1948 where it was used for structural and radiological studies. On February 10, 1948, Pennsylvania taken from the lagoon and sunk at sea.

DB 4-2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DB 4-2 - Essay Example There are large national firms as well as small firms working in this sector. Among these small and big firms H&R Block is the largest firm filing over 21 million tax returns in the year of 2008. Next to them is Jackson-Hewitt filing approximately 3 million returns. The factor which is unavoidably making this industry lucrative is that practically each and every working household of U.S. has to file annual tax return. This helps to create a stable stream of revenue for these tax preparing firms. This industry is almost free from the effect of economic environment and it is a low capital investment business. Another factor which catalyzed the performance of the company named H&R Block was the Refund Anticipation Loans (RALs). These short-term loans enabled the tax-payers to get immediate cash which they used to repay during the time of tax refund. The interest calculated on the RAL is very steep, the annual interest rate ranges from 50-300% (Has The Tax Preparation Industry Lost its L uster?, 2010). A fair part of the interest paid by the tax-payers used to be earnings of the company. It indirectly enabled the tax preparing firms to earn huge revenues. These two are the prime factors which helped these two companies to thrive. In U.S.

Discrimination and Domestic Violence against Women in America Essay

Discrimination and Domestic Violence against Women in America - Essay Example Gender-based violence is global and varies from one society to another only in scope; the United States is not an exception. The United Nations Declaration on Violence against Women defines gender based violence as: â€Å"Any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivations of liberty, whether occurring in public or private life" (Article 1) The scope of forms of discrimination is huge and includes, though is not limited to forced abortion, forced pregnancy, prostitution and sterilization, rape, domestic and community violence, sexual abuse of female children, sexual harassment, intimidation at work and social institutions, marital rape. All these forms can be grouped into broader sections: socio-cultural discrimination and violence, discrimination at work, and, finally, home abuse. The dramatic influence on women and society in general of any type of discrimination can hardly be overestimated, while the reasons underneath and direct course of actions to be taken are still not clear and hardly will ever be. When it comes to speaking about socio-cultural discrimination, the majority does not realize to what extent beliefs termed â€Å"culture† shape women’s lives and the understanding of the personal role in society. Cultural values rooted in unequal distribution of power between women and men limit, subordinate and discriminate female population; traditions formed for centuries become a justification for  denial of basic human rights, the principle of equality is challenged when it comes to women. Cultural discrimination that women experience in the USA can hardly be compared to India or Iraq: â€Å"Kajal Khidr was accused of adultery by her husband's family and held hostage by six family members in Iraqi Kurdistan. Kajal Khidr was tortured and mutilated; family members cut off part of her nose and told her she would be killed after the birth of her child.†Ã‚  

Learning and Skill Essay Example for Free

Learning and Skill Essay Tymon Muska Intro to Motor Learning Dr Rausch Jr. 11 / 14 / 08 The Skill of Juggling In terms of the type of skill, juggling is a continuous skill as opposed to a discrete or serial. Juggling is a continuous skill because it does not have a distinct beginning or end. Continuous skills involve practicing the movement nonstop and uninterrupted, unless a ball or scarf is dropped. The motor control loop partnered with juggling is the closed loop because feedback and the comparator are present. In terms of breaking down the scheduling for teaching and practicing this skill, one must understand there are several different components to practicing juggling. Similarly, the schedule would be blocked because one must practice a component for juggling and repeat this component until mastered. A blocked practicing schedule also allows the subject being taught to build a feel for the skill, begin to get more confident in performing the skill, and most likely with block scheduling the subject will be more successful in performing the skill, over and over again. I will be using a combination of part and whole practice. This is because teaching the skill in parts is easier for the learner to understand, but when it comes to showing the learner how to put all the movements together, that is where the whole practice comes into play. Using a combination of both types of practices gives the learner a chance to understand each movement, and at the same time get his or her rhythm down without constantly starting and stopping the motion when trying to put the skill together as a whole. Another portion on the practice side of juggling is called massed practice. This type of practice, which I will use, is the best type of practice for a beginner. â€Å"When applied to the length and distribution of practice sessions, a massed schedule will have fewer practice sessions than a distributed schedule, with each massed practice session requiring more and or longer practice† (Richard (2007). I’ll use this type of practice with my subjects because it allows the subject to get a good feel for the skill and build confidence. With those two things, the subject becomes more successful at the skill they are performing. When one thinks of juggling, they think of juggling with some type of ball. For a beginner, juggling with a ball can be very difficult. For one, they are heavier so they fall faster. Second, they are solid so they are harder to grab onto. In teaching the subjects I plan to use a simulated practice, â€Å" research investigations of the effectiveness of simulators have been more common for their use as training devices to help people learn how to drive cars, and pilots to fly planes, (Fisher, 2002), than for their use in sports contexts, (Stewart, Do home, Null Meyer, (2002)†. Scarves are perfect for a beginner to start off with because they are light and float in the air longer than a ball would. This gives the subject chance to get the right form and technique down. It will also increase their success rate in completing a juggling pattern, which in turn will lead them to build a higher level of confidence when juggling. Then, one must move to the next component involved in the skill of juggling. In other words, when beginning to learn how to juggle, one should begin without any scarves or balls. Mastering the hand movements and repeating the phrases ‘up, up, down, down’ or ‘throw, throw, catch, catch’ are important so that the student may now incorporate the scarves. The student should practice using one scarf and proceed to using two scarves. Also included in the schedule is the art of a practice. In this case, we would use part practice. In demonstrating the skill, I will first address the class explaining the use of the scarves and the different colors of the scarves and the sequence in which they will be used. I will demonstrate the toss and catch method with one colored scarf. Tossing the scarf up from the dominate hand and catching it with the non-dominant hand and then repeating the skill from non-dominant to dominant. The second step involves having two scarves, one in each hand. Starting with the dominant hand, the subject will toss with the dominant, toss with the non-dominant, catch with non-dominant and then catch with the dominant. The third step in learning how to juggle would involve the third color. Starting with the two original colors used for step one, in your dominant hand and step two in your non-dominant hand. Add the third color to your dominant hand; this scarf will be tossed last. In order to produce a perfect cycle of juggling the pattern goes like this, toss with the dominant, toss with the non-dominant, catch with the non- dominant, toss with the dominant and catch with the dominant hand. It is very important for the subject to keep the color and order of the scarves the same throughout each trial. By keeping the same colors in each hand, it will give the subject a base to go by. It will help them remember which scarf to through and grab and when and perform the skill in the correct order. Using the colored scarves is a form of simulated practice. Simulated practice is a great way to teach beginners a skill, but its major weakness is that it is not realistic in terms of juggling with real balls or heavier objects. For the practice consumption for juggling, we would be using the specificity of practice. The specificity of practice hypothesis has been around since the 1900’s. The theory explains why positive transfer occurs between two skills or skill learning situations, (Thorndike Woodworth 1901). Part practice consists of three different types and we would be using segmentation. Segmentation is a type of part practice in which one part of the target skill is practiced and mastered followed by the practice of a second part in which the first and second would then be put together until the entire skill is practiced. It is important to give the subject feedback on how they are doing result wise and not performance wise. The close loop system involves feedback, whereas an open loop system does not. In human movement, the feedback is afferent information sent by various sensory receptors to the control center. The purpose of this feedback is to update the control center about the correctness of the movement while it is in progress (Richard (2007). There are multiple kinds of feedback a subject’s teacher could give to them after watching a number of trials performed. In this case since my subject is a beginner, I will be using the Summary Feedback schedule which is when the subject has completed his or her trial or practice runs and the teacher gives them intervals of feedback. The specificity of this feedback schedule is called direction, which is strictly used for beginners because it is the easiest to understand and the least overwhelming. After explaining the basic three step method to the class, I will call on subject up and ask he or she to perform the skill and demonstrate for the rest of the class. For the next step, I will split the class up into groups. Each person in the group will have a chance to perform the skill, while being evaluated by their peers in their group. Each subject will perform the task of juggling the scarves ten times, and I will ask the people in the group to give the subject some kind of feedback whether negative or positive after every two trials. The subject juggling has a definite advantage considering he or she will be getting fifty percent feedback during their trial runs. In teaching the subjects how to juggle, my ultimate goal is for each subject to be able to complete a full cycle of juggling without a single error. Due to the time constraints in teaching this skill, the main focus will be on the subjects form in performing the skill and how well he or she interprets the information and que’s given to them to complete the task. Reference Page 1)- Magill, Richard (2007). Motor Learning and Control : concepts and applications,8, 86. New York, NY: The McGrawth-Hill Companies. 2)- Magill, Richard (2007). Motor Learning and Control : concepts and applications,8, 395 396. New York, NY: The McGrawth-Hill Companies. 3)- Thorndike, E. L. , Woodworth, R. S (1901). The influence of improvement in one mental function upon the efficentcy of other functions. Psychology Review, 8, 247 – 261. 4)- Fisher, D. L. , (2002). Use of a fixed based driving simulator to evaluate the effects of experience and PC-based risked awareness training on drivers decisions. Human Factors, 44, 416 5)- Stewart, J, E. , Dohme, J. A. , Nullmeryer, R. T. (2002). Motor Learning and Control : concepts and applications, 8, 416. New York, NY: The McGrawth-Hill Companies.

Different Aspects Of Computing IT Industry Information Technology Essay

Different Aspects Of Computing IT Industry Information Technology Essay The purpose of this CS302 Current trends and careers in information and communication technology individual assignment is to elaborate on the effectiveness of information systems and information technology education for developing work ready graduates. This subject compares Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills that students acquire throughout their course of studies with skills identified by the ICT industry as being crucial for the ICT job sector. First impression of how students learn and their views of crucial ICT skills were established through a case study (Problem Based Learning-PBL) of a focus group of graduating Computer Science and IT students in INTI International University. Different Career Paths for Information Technology (IT) Industry Majority fresh graduates who looking for their first job with computing and IT background that are uncertain about what field to enter. This CS302 Individual Assignment discusses the research of the current prospective and aspect of computing and IT industry, which was mentioned above. The major issue discussed in this documentation as mentioned below by the author: Different types of Computing IT industry jobs that the author looking into information technology. Best way to write a proper Curriculum Vitae (CV) The author has described each of the best desired jobs for his professions. Different Aspects of Computing IT Industry In computing and IT industry they are various career paths in an industry, which also mean with IT background, the graduates have more opportunity working in different career path desired. Based on the author study on the article posted in (eHow, 2010), that the computing IT industry has a great reputation as a stable working environment to get a job as time goes on. Even though that the working environment itself is not stable due to constant technology changes and the demand for better and more efficient use of technology nowadays. But the demand for IT professionals is always there in every country. There are various types of computer profession that are found in all different environments in an IT industry. Some of the common available jobs in computing include artificial intelligence, computer design and engineering, graphic design, website development and maintenance, information technology and software development. 1 Figure 2.0: Illustrates the various career paths for computing IT graduates (The Authors Illustration) Those employed graduates in computer careers have a wide range of services that they can provide to an IT company. Graphic designers career and website developers career use their creativity and artistic abilities, along with their knowledge of computers, to produce onscreen graphics, animations and Web pages. Graduates who interested in development may decide to go into computer design and engineering, developing new computer circuits and internal components. They may also be interested in software career, creating new software and methods of production for software companies (e.g. standalone software or artificial intelligent system). Careers in IT industry Career Type Description Hardware Careers Hardware careers involve research, design, development, testing and installation of computer hardware. They work with internal and external computer parts and peripherals. Job Titles: Computer Technician, IT Specialist, IT Technician, IT Manager and Computer Hardware Engineers. Software Careers Careers in software include design, construction and programming software to offer user-friendly applications, as well as maintaining and fixing applications to improve usability. Job Titles: Programmer, Software Engineer, System Analysts, System Programmer, Project Manager, Quality Assurance Specialist and Analyst Programmer. Support Careers Support careers can involve software, hardware and systems support by installing and fixing computers and applications to support end users. Job Titles: Helpdesk, Customer Service, Technical Consultant and Inside Channel Sales Specialist. Administration Careers Administration professionals organize databases and systems and improve processes for overall performance. This includes responsibility for integrity and security of systems. Job Titles: Network Administrator, Database Administrator, SAP Consultants, Security Analyst and Software Architect. Graphic Careers Graphic profession is more creative side of the computer industry, which consider careers in computer animation and design. Professions in this industry can have a hand in movies, video games, web pages and just about anything else. This needs a creative mind, so it isnt for everyone with a desire to work in computers. Job Titles: 3D Graphic Designer, Multimedia Designer, Games Developer and Web Advertisement. Webmaster Careers Web designer and web development are budding career fields, allowing professionals to have a hand in creating pieces of the Internet. Web designer is a profession that is concerned with the creation and design of websites and pages. Job Titles: Web Advertisement, Webmaster, Web Developer and Web Designer. Major of study Major of study is most important basement for a computing and IT graduates for working in IT industry. There are many universities/colleges out there promising to deliver the training necessary to be a knowledgeable professional in any one of these computer fields or others. It is important to ensure that any potential educational institution is properly accredited and that it has the specialization necessary for students to get the degree to excel in selected profession field. Getting into computing IT industry, students knew either going for bachelor in computer science or Information technology in business will be better choice for his future professions. Based on the authors understanding, he has descripted the reason for joining computer science field as his major of study for his future professions. The main reason for the author to enroll for this field is because of the different career path option availability as mention in this CS302 Individual Assignment research and his interest in computing field. The author has understood the different between to major in computing field, computer science refers to the processes used to create usable computer programs and applications together with all theory behind those processes. Information technology in business on the other hand refers to the application of computer programs to solve business processes. As we know computing becomes rapidly in all purpose and business, the author able to learn and enhance his technical and non-technical and problem solving skill which useful for his professions he going to select which he will discuss in this documentation. The author has gain knowledge in general computer hardware, software, operating systems and networks. With this knowledges he had used for his project developed in software based and hardware based as part of his coursework requirement. Curriculum Vitae (CV) SARAVANAM GANAPATHI Block A-11-8, Menara Pelangi lorong ang seng 2 brieckfields 50470 K.L. [emailprotected] (010) 213-7071 PROFESSIONAL PROFILE Initiative person with intellectual skills, maturity, able to learn new things related with IT field. Has a strong commitment, common sense, the capacity to rise to challenges and an enthusiasm in all tasks assigned to give a better contribution to the employer. OBJECTIVE Seeking a position to utilize my skills and abilities in the Information Technology Industry that offers Professional growth while being resourceful, innovative and flexible. WORK EXPERIENCE Freelancer, Part-Time June 2008 (Ongoing) Malaysia Task Activities: Webmaster, Graphic Designer (banners, brochure, catalogs and books)and Computer Servicing Researcher Webmaster, Part-Time March 2008 (Ongoing) Innovation and Creativity Skills Training (INOCREST), Malaysia Task Activities: Research and Reporting, Design Books/Catalogs, Webmaster for INOCREST website and Computer Maintenance Programme Administrator, Full-Time March 2008 September 2008 Stamford College Kuala Lumpur/PJ , Malaysia Task Activities: Timetable Scheduling, Students Reporting and Helpdesk support EDUCATION Computer Science, Bachelor of Science January 2009 November 2010 INTI College Subang Jaya, Malaysia (Completing In August 2010) Computer Science, Diploma in January 2006 November 2008 Stamford College Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia CGPA 3.0/4.0 Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia(SPM) November 2005 Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Desa Perdana, Malaysia Science Class PROJECT EXPERIANCE Major Projects Final Year Project (Degree) Title: Online E-Portfolio Programming Tools: Visual Studio Professional 2008(ASP.NET 4.0) and SQL Server 2008 Description: Monitors and produces testimonial letter based on student holistic records. Final Year Project (Diploma) Title: Hotel Reservation System Programming Tools: Visual Studio Professional 2005(ASP.NET 2.0) and SQL Server 2005 Description: Online Hotel Management system which does daily reservation process. Mini Projects Database Project Title: Development of Online Nirvana Online Memorial Park System Programming Tools: Adobe Dreamweaver(PHP), Apache and MYSQL Commercial Programming Project Title: Online Design Development of Fitness First Gym System Programming Tools: Visual Studio Professional 2008(VB.NET) and SQL Server 2005 Database Project Title: Development of Online Air force Manufacturing Intranet Web Programming Tools: Visual Studio Professional 2008(ASP.NET 3.5) and SQL Server 2005 Mobile Commerce Project Title: Design and Development of Mobile Membership Marketing for Celebrity Fitness Programming Tools: Visual Studio Professional 2008(VB.NET) and SQL Server 2008 System Security Project Title: Setting up email server client with firewall and encryption. Programming Tools: Axigen Mail Server, PGP Desktop and Nortan Internet Security 2010 Freelancer Projects Company: Rev Henna Creations Description: Redesign official company website Link: http://www.revhenna.com/ Company: Stamford College Kuala Lumpur Description: Design official website for KL branch(No longer in use) Link: http://www.stamfordkl.com.my/ Company: Innovation and Creativity Skills Training (INOCREST) Description: Redesign official website-Upcoming Project Link: http://www.inocrest.com/ ACTIVITIES AWARDS College/University Level Involved in Soft skills seminar in college (2009-2010) Career Exploration in DIGI, PWC and Cyber Security (2009-2010) Volunteer: College International Food Carnival (2010) Sponsorship Coordinator for Indian Cultural Night (2009) Design and Develop Stamford College Official Website (2008) Coordinate Ping Pong games for College Sport Day (2007) College Ping Pong Team Player: Won 3rd Place (2007) Student Council Member (2007) School Level School Short-Put Player: Won 3rd Place (2005) Larian Marathon Polis IPPK KL (2001 to 2005) Olympic Marathon KL (2002) KL Marathon (2001) School Marathon Runner: Won 2nd Place(1999) Other Awards SCORE A Seminar: Best Student Award (2005) Kadet Polis: Pangkat Lan Koperal at IPPK Pudu Kuala Lumpur (2004) HOBBIES INTERESTS Football, Ping Pong, Swimming, Physical Fitness (gym), Computer Games and Collect Conceptual Design of Future Technologies. REFERENCES Mr Sachidhanandam Director of Innovation and Creativity Skills Training (INOCREST) (H) 012-233685 (E) [emailprotected] Ms Mani Lecturer: Stamford College Kuala Lumpur/Petaling Jaya Jalan 223 (H) 012-2837202 (E) [emailprotected] Ms Jane Lim Head of Programme, School of Computing Engineering (SCE), INTI College Subang Jaya (H) 012-3390411 (E) [emailprotected] Skills Adobe Dreamweaver Adobe Photoshop Adobe Flash Corel Paint Shop Pro GIMP MS Office Suite AJAX CSS HTML/XHTML JavaScript PHP XML/XSL Visual Basic.NET ASP.NET jQuery MySQL Oracle SQL Server Linux Windows Vista/XP Window 7 Apache/Tomcat WebSphere Suite FTP Programs Certifications CCNA Fundamental Macromedia Flash MX Microsoft Office Tools Languages English Bahasa Malaysia Tamil Others Corel Video Studio Pro Sony Sound Forge Data Recovery Tools Desirable Job Vacancies The author has chosen 3 desirable career paths which he will be looking for after his completion of his degree program. The career types he has chosen are web designer, network administrator and database administrator. The further description and reasons for choosing this career paths will be discuss in this documentation by the author. Web Designer Job Description: A Web designer is someone who programs Web pages. A Web designer is more focused on the way a website works than how it looks. They typically use HTML text editors and work with databases and programming languages as well as HTML. Web designers are sometimes asked to do all back-end work or front-end work this depends on the IT organization career description. Working Experience: 1-2 years/Fresh Graduates Education: Degree/Diploma in Computer Science or Information technology Programming skills required: ASP.NET, PHP and JavaScripts Database skills required: SQL Server, MYSQL and Oracle Other skills required: HTML, AJAXs, CSS, Photoshop and Dreamweaver Salary: RM 2800.00 RM 4200.00 Reason: Logical Thinking Although the creative process is a blast, the author sometimes just like to figure out the best way to make things work. Constantly Changing Technologies Allows the author to keep on update with latest design patterns and programming tools rather than lose a lot of the drive and desire that made it interesting in the first place. Creativity Ability to express and show the creative talent in designing and able to improve with the time goes on. Network Administrator Job Description: The duties of a Network Administrator are vary tremendously in every situation, but the command tread for Network Administrator is to support the hardware and software that is part of the computer network. While some Network Administrator position are often involve hands on troubleshooting at individual workstations or others are strictly involves behind the scenes jobs with position specializing in network security, firewalls and routers, network design and implementation and connectivity to server. The general terminology for these professionals is Tier 1 support (usually the help desk) Tier 2 support (desktop and network associates) whose job involves interfacing with end users Tier 3 support (network administrators) who rarely have direct involvement with end users. Working Experience: 1-2 years/Fresh Graduates Education: Degree/Diploma in Computer Science/IT or Professional Certification in networking. Programming skills required: ASP.NET, C++, VB.NET, Python and Ruby Database skills required: SQL Server, MYSQL and Oracle Networking skills required: Firewall configuration, encryption decryption, server back-up, network hardware configuration (e.g. router and hub) and WAN LAN configuration. Other skills required: Hardware technical skill and software troubleshooting skills, Linux and Window Server experience. Salary: RM 2500.00 RM 3500.00 Reason: Ability gain strong working knowledge and experience on major networking components, network operating systems and basic computer hardware components. Experience in hands on knowledge of the procedures used in the installation, modification maintenance and repair of IT hardware and software. Various exposures in network security risks and also encryptions solutions. Working more than 3 year with good performance can be promoted to Senior Engineer position. Working with a large number of different types of network hardware and software, and obtaining certifications from the major industry players such as Microsoft, Cisco and Apple, a skilled Network Administrator will be able to command a higher salary as his or her experience grows. Database Administrator Job Description: Database Administrators use database software to store and manage information. They will often set up database systems and are responsible for making sure those systems operate efficiently (usually referred to as database performance tuning). They also make sure that the data they store is backed up regularly, stored effectively, and that the data is secure from unauthorized access. Ensuring the data is available, by maximizing database uptime, is also an important function of the database administrator. Working Experience: 2-3 years/Fresh Graduates Education: Degree/Diploma in Computer Science/IT or Professional Certification in networking or database. Programming skills required: ASP.NET, C++, PHP, VB.NET, Python and Ruby Database skills required: SQL Server, MYSQL and Oracle Networking skills required: Firewall configuration, encryption decryption, server back-up, network hardware configuration (e.g. router and hub) and WAN LAN configuration. Other skills required: Hardware technical skill and software troubleshooting skills, Linux and Window Server experience. Salary: RM 2700.00 RM 4000.00 Reason: Experience in hands on knowledge of the scripting in database software. Various exposures in database and network security risks and also encryptions solutions. To learn cyber security problem solving skills and type of solution based on the security risk. Learn to use various firewall policy and configuration to protect the business information Able to migrate to network administrator career path. Application Letter Saravanam A/L Ganapathi Block A-11-08 Menara Pelangi, Lorong Ang Send 2 Brieckfields, 50470 Kuala Lumpur 12 June 2010 Ms. Lee Thuan Hooi The Human Resource Manager Greenpower Era Berhad No.23, Taman Shamelin Perkasa, Cheras, 43200 Selangor Dear Ms Lee, RE: APPLICATION FOR THE WEB DEVELOPER (JUNIOR) POSITION Im writing to express my interest in the Web Developer (Junior) position listed on JobStreet homepage on the 16th June 2010. Im currently enrolled in the final year of a BSc. (Hons) in Computer Science course at the INTI College Subang Jaya, and will graduate in August 2010. I have experience building corporate website, consumer-focused, business-based content sites. While much of my experience has been in the business world as free freelancer web designer, I understand the social value of the non-profit sector and my business experience will be an asset to your organization. I have experience using well known open-source tools such as Drupal, Joomla and WordPress for website development. I have the ability to work within a team as well as cross-team. I can work with web engineers to resolve technical issues and implement technical enhancements, work with the development department to implement design and functional enhancements, and monitor site statistics and conduct search engine optimization. I look forward to meeting with you to discuss the position further. I can be contacted on 010-2137071 between the hours of 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., and the following e-mail address: [emailprotected] Thank you for your consideration. Signature _______________________ (Saravanam A/L Ganapathi) Conclusion The skills the author was learning as part of their qualifications seemed to be consistent with what he desired to learn for being work-ready. This CS302 Individual assignment had given the author an exploration and experience on various career paths, jobs requirements, creating good curriculum vitae (CV) and how to apply for a job using application letter. I will like to appreciate and thank Ms Jane Lim See Yin our CS302 Current Trends and Careers in Information and Communication Technology, who has given the author a good guide and motivation along the completion of this Individual Assignment successfully on the time given. Therefore the author, will like to request Covetry University of UK and INTI College Subang Jaya to provide more interesting Individual Assignment Case studies which gives students more knowledge in current trend and Information technology which help their career seeking opportunity in future.

Food Waste Essay

Food waste or food loss is food material that is discarded or unable to be used. Various political organizations and entities have their own definition of what constitutes food waste. The causes of wasted food are numerous, and occur at the stages of production, processing, and retailing. As of 2011, 1.3 billion tons of food, about one third of the global food production, is lost or wasted annually. Loss and wastage occurs on all steps in the food supply chain. In low-income countries, most loss occurs during production, while in developed countries much food – about 100 kilograms (220 lb) per person and year – is wasted at the consumption stage. Definitions of food waste vary, among other things, in what food waste consists of, how it is produced, and where or what it is discarded from or generated by. Definitions also vary because certain groups do not consider (or have traditionally not considered) food waste to be a waste material, due to its applications. Some defi nitions of what food waste consists of are based on other waste definitions (e.g. agricultural waste) and which materials do not meet their definitions. Here are some of the facts about the wastage of food: †¢If we planted trees on land currently used to grow unnecessary surplus and wasted food, this would offset a theoretical maximum of 100% of greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion. †¢10% of rich countries’ greenhouse gas emissions come from growing food that is never eaten. †¢UK Households waste around 20% of all the food they buy – but the good news is that this suggests a 17% reduction since 2007. †¢Roughly one third of the food produced in the world for human consumption every year — approximately 1.3 billion tonnes — gets lost or wasted. †¢Every year, consumers in rich countries waste almost as much food (222 million tonnes) as the entire net food production of sub-Saharan Africa (230 million tonnes). †¢The amount of food lost or wasted every year is equivalent to more than half of the world’s annual cereals crop (2.3 billion tonnes in 2009/2010). In developing and developed countries which operate either commercial or industrial agriculture, food waste can occur at most stages of the food industry and in significant amounts. In subsistence agriculture, the amounts of food waste are unknown, but are likely to be insignificant by comparison, due to the limited stages at which waste can occur, and given that food is grown for projected need as opposed to a global marketplace demand. Nevertheless, on-farm losses in storage in developing countries, particularly in African countries, can be high although the exact nature of such losses is much debated. Research into the food industry of the United States, whose food supply is the most diverse and abundant of any country in the world, found food waste occurring at the beginning of food production. From planting, crops can be subjected to pest infestations and severe weather, which cause losses before harvest. Since natural forces (e.g. temperature and precipitation) remain the prima ry drivers of crop growth, losses from these can be experienced by all forms of outdoor agriculture. The use of machinery in harvesting can cause waste, as harvesters may be unable to discern between ripe and immature crops, or collect only part of a crop. Economic factors, such as regulations and standards for quality and appearance, also cause food waste; farmers often harvest selectively, preferring to leave crops not to standard in the field (where they can be used as fertilizer or animal feed), since they would otherwise be discarded later. One way of dealing with food waste is to reduce its creation. This attitude has been promoted by campaigns from advisory and environmental groups, and by concentrated media attention on the subject. Consumers can reduce their food waste output at points-of-purchase and in their homes by adopting some simple measures; planning when shopping for food is important, and spontaneous purchases are shown as often the most wasteful. Proper knowledge of food storage reduces foods becoming inedible and thrown away. Through initiatives such as Cambio verde, farmers can provide surplus produce (produce they would otherwise discard due to too low prices/kg) to people that provide glass, and other waste.

Mankind and Ethics Essay

Ethics has been a guiding principle for mankind. Ethical standards are being considered in every decision man makes. By following an ethical code, mankind knows that he is making the right decision because this ethical code ensures that there is fairness and no one will be deprived of his/her own rights. Mankind makes ethical considerations in many important decisions but there are still some major issues that arise when talking of ethical decisions. These are the issues that have ethical conflicts and man has been forever divided about these issues. Man has legislated laws that are based on human ethical values and almost all good laws have seemingly relied on this principle. One topic that has been the subject of much debate based on varying ethical considerations and existing laws is abortion. Some laws forbid abortion while others allow it because some countries may grant ethical considerations to mothers. Many ethical issues arise in abortion cases. There is a conflict between a right to life and a right of choice. The fetus inside the womb has a right to life, the right to be born into this world, while the mother has a right of choice whether she would want to continue with the pregnancy or not for some valid or invalid reason. Some choose to have abortion because of career choices or the inability to support a child. Others do not want to continue with the pregnancy which resulted from rape which may have various psychological effects (Cline). In some medical conditions, the life of both the mother and the fetus will be at risk and it would be necessary to choose who lives yet pro-life activists still argue that abortion should never be an option. This issue pits one moral principle against another moral principle but mankind has a way of dealing with this stuff. They turn to religion, but this is not always a reliable option since there are various contradicting interpretations of religious scriptures and that religion does not govern everyone. Every person has the right to choose his/her own religion and a person also has a right to be free from religion. Another similar issue is capital punishment. Many believe that the death penalty is an appropriate sentence for many heinous crimes. The criminal, having performed an act against certain moral principles, be it murder or rape, no matter how grave the crime or no matter how many people he killed, another killing is unethical and would not be unjustifiable since the existing laws prohibit killing. A wrong deed done will not correct a wrong deed done. More so, it violates a person’s right to life. Even if the criminal violated other people’s right to life, it would be unethical to kill someone on a justification that he killed others or just to get revenge. Cloning is yet another issue in which ethics plays a role. Scientists are studying therapeutic cloning for a chance to probably cure many existing incurable diseases. These scientists are only hoping to improve the life of mankind with better medical technology but many argue that experiments is playing god or is an act of killing since cloning deals with stem cells from human embryos. In these examples of controversial issues, many people have different beliefs but religion is a strong argument since many people follow a certain religion but the religious argument is not universal. These religious arguments support ethical principles. Human have different personal interest which is why there is a difference in beliefs regarding such topics. For some, abortion may be acceptable because they believe that the early stages of the fetus is not yet considered human but rather as a cluster of cells which is still a part of the female body. Others believe that life begins at the moment of conception, so the fetus is already has life. From these different perspectives, the topic becomes a huge debate based of varying ethical views (Cline). Capital punishment may have been implemented as a way to prevent people from committing brutal crimes. This is not taking a side of the issue but prison time would be a better way of serving sentences rather than death penalty because the right to life is very important and from an ethical perspective, even the rights of the accused and convicted should be respected. Humans are responsible for all their acts and the decisions that they make. Man should be guided by the code of ethics and not mislead them. Abortion, a controversial issue, is being allowed on a case-to-case basis. Abortion for medical purposes is allowed by some laws as well as abortion for pregnancies that resulted from sexual abuse. Generally, law does not allow abortion just for the sake of contraception. From this, it may be viewed that man, based on different circumstances, is responsible enough to see what is permissible under ethical standards. Likewise, very few states or countries allow for capital punishment which again connotes that man has a good understanding of the principle of right and wrong.

Different Festival Events In Islam Communities Religion Essay Example

Different Festival Events In Islam Communities Religion Essay Example Different Festival Events In Islam Communities Religion Essay Different Festival Events In Islam Communities Religion Essay A festival is an event, normally and ordinary staged by a local community, which centers on and celebrates some alone facet of the community and the festival. Festivals of many types, serve to run into specific demands, every bit good as to supply amusement. These times of jubilation after a sense of belonging for spiritual, societal or geographical groups. Modern festivals that focus or cultural or cultural subjects seek to inform members of their tradition. There are neumerous types of festivals in the universe. Though many have spiritual beginnings, others involve seasonal alteration or hold some cultural significance. There are two chief types of festival like ( I ) Seasonal festival ( two ) General Festival.Festival In NepalA A A A A A A A A Everybody knows that Nepal is a land of mountain, but it is besides land of festival. Every twelvemonth more that 50 festivals celebrated in Nepal. Generally national festivals celebrated on some fixed day of the months and harmonizing to the lunar calendar astrolgers set their spiritual festival. Different types of festival are as follows:i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ New Year: A A A A A A A A In Nepal it is known as Navavarsho . This is the first twenty-four hours of Baisakh . Harmonizing to the Nepali officially calendar this really first twenty-four hours is observed normally in the 2nd hebdomad of April. It is a national vacation. Peoples go for field day and have get toge ther on this twenty-four hours.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Saraswati Puja: This twenty-four hours is celebrated as the birthday of Saraswati the goddess of larning. To delight their goddess pupils worship their pens and books and expects her favor in their test and surveies this twenty-four hours falls between January/February and its really auspicious twenty-four hours for matrimony.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Shivaratri ( Moha- Shivaratri ) : Shivaratri is one of the major festival in Nepal. It is the dark of Lord Shiva which falls between February/March. In south east Asia and Inia it is the most adored God and more than 1,00,000 lac of Hindu gathered in the Pashu Patinath temple. In winter the worshiper return dip and bath in the sanctum river and fast for the whole twenty-four hours.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Teej: A A A A A A A A A This festival is celebrated in August/September. On this twenty-four hours hindu adult fema les s twenty-four hours for her work forces. Generally adult females wears ruddy Saris. On this twenty-four hours adult females observe fast and they pray to Lord Shiva for their hubby s healthy and comfortable life.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Tihar: This is the 2nd biggest festival which falls between October/November. It is the festival of light. People worship Laxmi-the Goddess of wealth. They believe the Goddess Laxmi will come in their house, so they clean their houses and lit tapers, oil lamps and the whole topographic point took illuminating. This festival ends with Bhai Tika brothers twenty-four hours when a sister pray long and healthy life for their brother. Gambling is non illegal on this festival because it is besides chancing clip in Nepal.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Holi: A A A A A A A A In Nepal this festival is known as Phagu . It is a festival of Waterss and colorss. Holi is one of the most joyous juncture for Hindu community . A *Origin of this festival: A The jubilation of Holi is really ancient in its beginning and by its really beginning is celebrates on ultimate triumple of the good over the evil.A Originally Holi is an agricultural festival observing the reaching of spring. The festival of Holi is besides associated with the digesting love between Lord Krishna ( an in clove pink of Vishnu ) and Radha, and Krishna in general. Harmonizing to legend the immature Krishna complain to his female parent Yashoda about why Radha was so just and he so dark. Yashoda advised him to use coloring material on Radha s face see how her skin color will change-because of this Krishna is extended over-longer period. A Festival of Egypt A Egypt is a fantastic state with many festivals and jubilations. Some festivals are historical some are secular and some are spiritual. Some of the festivals are given below: A i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Sham Al Naseem: In Egypt both Muslim and Christian welcome the really fast twenty-four hours of spring. Sham Al Naseem means the odor of Spring . The people gather together for out-of-door field day on the 20 foremost of March. On the twenty-four hours they have some traditional nutrients like Midamis ( Kidney beans ) and Fasiyah ( Dried fish ) .i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Ramadan: Ramadan is a really of import festival in the Islamic calendar and more than 90 % of the people are Muslim in Egypt. To honor the clip when the sanctum Quran was revealed to the prophesier Mohammad ( samarium ) and it is celebrated on the 9th month of the Islamic calendar. In this month Muslim people fast for full month and they do nt eat, imbibe or smoke from dawn until sundown. By and large the on the job hr are frequently reduced in this clip for praying in Egypt. By taking Iftar the fast is broken with friends, household and community people. The terminal of Ramadan is marked with festival called Eid-Ul-Fitr.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Egyptian Christmas: There is a little but important community of Christian celebrate the Christmas, while most of Egyptian are Muslim. For the Coptic Christian of Egypt Christmas is celebrated on January each twelvemonth. In this clip the Christian community people fast and take merely vegetable no meat or milk is taken from November 25th to the dark of January 6th. The Pope of Orthodox Church get downing supplication at the large Cathedral in Cairo at 11 autopsy.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Wafa Al Nil: This festival is dedicated to symbol of Egypt the Nile River. Now a yearss painting competition, seminar, music concerts are the common footings of celebrating of this September month festival. It is among one of the ancient festival of Egypt.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Pharaonic Wedding: This jubilation is held on the month of Nov ember and this festival is the symbol of ancient civilisation of Egypt. Many twosomes visit to the Karnack temple and acquire married at that place.i?i‚ i‚ i‚ i‚ iˆ Moulid an- Nabi: The prophesier s birthday is celebrated at Moulid an- Nabi. It s held during the 3rd month of the Islamic calendar. A *Origin of the Celebration: A The earliest history for the observations of Mawli can be found in Mecca. When the house in which Muhammad ( samarium ) was born. It was originally a festival of the Shia opinion category, non attended by the common people. Public jubilation of the birth of Muhammad ( samarium ) did non happen until four centuries after his decease. The first functionary Mawlid jubilations happening in Egypt towards the terminal of the eleventh century. The first public jubilations by Sunnis took topographic point in 12th century in Syria under the regulation of Nuraddin Zangi. Today it is an official vacation in many parts of the universe. A *Celebration of Mawlid: A Where Mawlid is celebrated in a carnival mode, big street emanations are held and places or mosques are decorated and nutrient is distributed and narratives about the life of Muhammad ( samarium ) are narrated with recitation of poesy. Mawlid is celebrated in most Moslem states and in other states where Moslems have presence. Saudi Arabia is the lone Muslim state where Mawlid is non an official public vacation. A *Conclusion:Festival is an entertaining event. There are assorted types of festival in the universe. Different states celebrate of their ain festival with their ain manner. Every festival has its ain beginning and history. Festival shows a states civilization, ritual and their spiritual facets. In Nepal they celebrate their festival from their spiritual facet and most of the people are Hindu. However in Egypt they celebrate their festival from their Islamic spiritual facet. Actually both of the states celebrate festival from different value. A

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buy custom Obesity essay Obesity commonly reported lifestyle disorder that is said to have no cure. This is a chronic condition that is caused by excessive body fat. It is possible to acquire this disease when you gain a lot of unnecessary weight, and then you are unable to burn the same amount of calories earned. There are definitely very many causes of this particular disease that occur both in children, and in adults. Well, the body needs a particular amount of fat in the body in order to function normally, and this also varies with individuals. In women, the quantity of fat should be between 25% and 30%. In men, the quantity should be between 18% and 23% .With these average figures, then a man with over 25% and a woman with over 30% is considered to be obese (Heymsfield et al. 525). Again, from the current research, at least a third of the total American population is obese or overweight. There have been enormous conflicting views from popular scholarly journals on whether obesity should be considered to be a disease. There has not been any valid prove to support any of the arguments that have been proposed. Although obesity is not the only public health problem, it would be wrong to label it as a disease from the traditional point of view, because it does not meet the reasonable criteria for such diseases. This disorder is a serious health dilemma that is directly harmful to ones health. For instance, in America, 300,000 deaths occur per year with the major cause being obesity. When an individual is suffering from this disorder, they are exposed to greater chances of being infected by a number of chronic diseases. These include the Insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart attack, cancer, among others (Manson et al. 885). The fat cells in the body are mainly responsible for the insulin resistance more than the muscle cells, and this is why this is a major cause of obesity. The insulin resistance state can always last for s many years, and when the pancrease is no longer able to produce the high levels of insulin, the blood glucose levels begin to rise, which finally results to type 2 diabetes. From the medical report, it is also evident that, during the period when there is insulin resistance, there will also be the hardening of the arteries, which is also a complication of this disease. Among the older obese individuals, the common complications that they suffer from are High blood pressure, heart attack, and cancer issues. As the body weight increases among the women, so does their risk of their blood pressure. The report also showed that the risk is greater in women than in men. The same case applies to women whose BMI is greater than 29. These individuals suffer a great risk of undergoing death from the coronary heart disease (Williamson et al. 178). With the first heart attack, there is increased risk of a preceding one to occur if obesity is the underlying disorder. Obesity is also associated with posing a great risk to cancer infection. It is linked to causing colon cancer in both men and women. Due to estrogen increase in the blood stream, the women are also at greater risk of being infected with breast cancer, especially in their postmenopausal stages. At present, it is clear than apart from overeating and physical inactivity, there are several other underlying factors that contribute to obesity. One of these factors is the genetic component. If one or more parents have the history of being obese, then an individual will stand the chance of having their hormones being infected, and tamper with the fat regulation. Foods that are high in fat and sugars have been known to have a high fat content, hence contribute to great weight gain (Droyvold et al. 340). A diet that has excessive carbohydrate levels will in turn lead to increased glucose levels that stimulate the insulin release by the pancreases. This process eventually leads to the growth of fat tissues, which causse weight gain. The reason why more women are at the risk of being obese is the fact that, they have fewer muscles than the men. For this particular reason, they have slower metabolic rates than men, and in the same manner, weight loss is more difficult. People lose their muscles as they progress in age, and their metabolic levels slow down. This happens more often if an individual does not reduce their caloric intake. In the hopes of reaching the average body weights, the individuals may be forced to adapt a strenuous diet. After some time, there might be some remarkable weight loss recognized, but it usually returns quickly (Yuker and Allison 250). This is why a more lasting solution to treat obesity should be not being administered in short-term basis, but it should be an ongoing life-long process. Individuals should not attach more meaning to gaining an ideal weight as a way of treating obesity, but the overall goal should be to reach and maintain a healthier weight, for a longer time. Scientists have made efforts of improving the medication and treatment of this disorder (Heymsfield et al. 557). Their main target is to have a better and safer way to deal with this problem. At the moment, there is no proven treatment for obesity that is considered to be instant, but it is rather a gradual process. This is achieved by a long-life of proper diet and regular exercise. Medication is given to those patients whose risk of having obesity is greater than the potential side of healing safely. In conclusion, it is important for every individual to try and maintain their ideal body weight by balancing their food consumption and calories needed by their body. The health of a person is determined by what they eat, hence, it is important to keep checking the amounts and quality of foods that one eats. This habit should be practiced in all age groups to prevent the occurrence of obesity and its complications among the citizens. Buy custom Obesity essay

Teamwork roles evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Teamwork roles evaluation - Essay Example Nike is one of the major USA based multinational sportswear and footwear manufacturer company. They are having nearly 56000 employees working for them and in their manufacturing process. Nike is facing huge challenge from Adidas, Puma, Under Armour, Rebook, Asics and many other organisations in terms of quality and product features. Therefore, they are required to ensure high quality and innovative production for maintaining compatibility in the global market. Teamwork capacity will be creating opportunities to increase profitable growth through improved productivity. Such strategies increase competitive advantage of Nike in globalised market. Teamwork aims to increase the efficiency of organisations with the help of combined efforts of employees. Employees or teams will be able to act effectively in the complex situations. They are facing continuously changing technologies in the operational process. In addition, the multidepartment organisation is facing huge challenge of the confl ict between organisational team members. Nike empowered their leaders to resolve conflicting state in terms of increasing productivity. The organisation is aimed to increase the teamwork capacity among the employees so that they can share unfamiliar tasks and potential solution. Nike teams are also composed for the purpose of outlining creativity and initiative taking ability of individual organisational members.Global leaders of Nike are concentrating on motivating and preparing employees for any uncertain situations.

Growing up around drugs & alcohol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Growing up around drugs & alcohol - Essay Example My father had problems because he consumed drugs (mostly marijuana but occasionally some other drugs) most of the time and he could not always keep his jobs. Because he was always "high," he had problems keeping a job because of absenteeism. My mother would often consume alcohol when her children were making too much noise. The two of them together created a dysfunctional pair that was not able to take care of their family. I remember many times when I did not have much to eat if my mother was on a bender and would not help. One good thing is that my aunt Jenny, my mothers sister, would try to help us and tried to help my mother. My mother would always reject her help, but she would let her bring food for us. For this, I was always grateful. Because I was a young child, I was not sure what was happening in my home. Sometimes my mother was actually kind and loving to us. At other times, she was mean and cruel. I was never sure how she was going to be from moment to moment. My mother seemed to be very unhappy with her life and she took it out on her children. Sometimes my parents would have a party or they would have other family over who were also into drugs or alcohol or both, and this would create more problems. As an example, since my father was always high, he thought it was funny to let someone grab one of us and blow marijuana into our faces. This would make us stagger around and eventually we would go to sleep. For some reason, they did not understand that this was child abuse and that it may cause problems for us later. In fact, one of my siblings has a neurological problem that I believe happened because of constantly inhaling second hand marijuana smoke. Another problem for us growing up is that in school, it was difficult to understand what the teacher was saying, especially in more difficult classes like math or science. My mind was always wondering and I sometimes felt ill. My teachers were sometimes concerned with me because I would fall asleep